Let
be a continuous function such that whenever
,
are such that
, then also
. Prove that
is of the form
, and that
is rational.
Update (16/04/2008): Solution posted! (show solution)
Consider the function , and note that it is continuous, and it only allows rational values. Thus, it has to be a constant (because of the mean-value theorem, and that you can always find an irrational number between two rationals). We can also consider , this must also be a constant , and note that
|
And we can repeat this with , and get that . So, for every diadic rational number , we have that , ie. that is linear on diadic rationals, and by continuity it is linear everywhere. Thus , and of course .
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